India’s Ethanol Blended Petrol Program (EBPP) is the largest and one of the most successful biofuel blending programs undertaken by an emerging economy. Since its inception in 2003 and subsequent restructuring through each of the National Policies on Biofuels, the program has evolved into a significant initiative for reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with transportation fuels. This paper analyzes the program’s development from relatively low levels of blending to achieve 20 percent blended petrol across all oil marketing companies’ outlets by end of December 2025. It uses a four dimensional framework to assess the program’s impact; namely: Energy Security, Environmental Performance, Economic Outcomes and Equity. The results demonstrate the program has generated significant foreign exchange savings of approximately Rs. 1910 billion (USD 23 Billion), crude oil substitution of approximately 310 million Metric Tons, and a cumulative reduction of CO2 emissions of approximately 931 million MT since FY14-15 through to May 2026. In addition, farmers and ethanol suppliers have been paid a total of approximately Rs. 162 billion since FY14-15, demonstrating a tangible rural income transfer mechanism. Additionally, this paper analyzes the recent policy direction announced by the central government on June 2026, where the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution announced that the Government will extend the Excise Duty Waiver for 100 Octane Petrol to be applicable to all formulations up to E30. The paper is a novel attempt to highlight a major sustainable social development policy initiative of the Indian government.

The introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) initially raised concerns among the public, but they have since gained widespread acceptance. Over the past decade, the EV market has grown significantly, making EVs one of the most promising solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector. To meet the increasing energy demand driven by this growth, photovoltaic-powered charging stations (PVCS) could provide a sustainable solution by supplying charging terminals with clean energy. As this technology is still relatively new, both technical assessments and studies of the social acceptability of PVCS should be conducted simultaneously to evaluate their feasibility and improve public awareness. Therefore, this study aims to assess the social acceptability of PVCS and identify their perceived limitations from the public’s perspective. The proposed system mainly consists of photovoltaic (PV) panels, stationary energy storage, and a connection to the public grid as a backup power source. Nearly 900 participants from diverse backgrounds took part in the study. The results show that most respondents are willing to charge their EVs using solar energy. However, this acceptance depends on future user needs and expectations. The findings also confirm concerns regarding the use of PV energy for EV charging, particularly with respect to system efficiency, recycling, and lifespan.

This study empirically examined how supervisors’ leadership styles influence employee entrepreneurial behavior and analyzed the role of job satisfaction in this relationship. An anonymous online survey was conducted with ordinary employees in South Korea, and 170 valid responses were used for the analysis. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple regression analysis, and an additional Sobel test were performed. The results show that transformational leadership positively affects task, reward, and relationship satisfaction, while transactional leadership significantly affects only reward satisfaction. Servant leadership has a significant positive effect on all four dimensions of job satisfaction. In addition, transformational and transactional leadership positively influence innovative risk-taking and proactiveness, whereas servant leadership shows no significant direct effect. Among the job satisfaction dimensions, task satisfaction positively affects both dimensions of employee entrepreneurial behavior, promotion satisfaction shows a negative effect, and relationship satisfaction positively affects innovative risk-taking. These findings provide practical implications for leadership development and organizational strategies to foster entrepreneurship. This study contributes to the literature by extending leadership and entrepreneurship research to ordinary employees in the South Korean organizational context. It also advances prior research by integrating transformational, transactional, and servant leadership with multidimensional job satisfaction and by examining how these factors are differently associated with innovative risk-taking and proactiveness.

This paper analyzes the economic growth and health financing in Morocco in connection with the importance of health investment to sustainable economic growth. The available literature indicates that the enhancement of population health is one of the factors that help an economy to improve, especially when governments decide to allocate more funds to the health sector and also enhancing access to health care services. A healthier population is also likely to be more productive which will improve labor efficiency, decrease absenteeism and boost the economy eventually. To investigate these relationships, this study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach, which is particularly suitable for small-sample time-series data with variables integrated of mixed orders I (0) and I (1). The econometric framework combines unit root testing, cointegration analysis, long-run estimation, and error correction modelling to examine both the short-run and long-run effects of public health financing on economic growth and maternal health outcomes in Morocco over the period 1980–2015. The empirical findings reveal that increased public health financing significantly promotes economic growth while reducing maternal mortality. Furthermore, the results indicate that public health expenditure mitigates the adverse effects of income inequality on health outcomes, highlighting the importance of sustained public investment in healthcare for achieving inclusive and sustainable development. There are multiple indicators that are associated with economic performance, income distribution, and health outcomes which are taken into account to reflect the multidimensional character of the relationship between economic growth and health investment. The empirical evidence indicates that greater public health financing is related with improvements in health outcomes especially with decreases in the maternal and infant demise rates. Besides, the results indicate that inequality in the distribution of income and the policies on health investment is positively related to economic development and social well-being in Morocco.